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| এসো ইংরেজি শিখি(Applied Grammar part Sentence) পর্ব: ১ Goutom24. |
The Sentence
like I to tea drink The birds are flying
উপরের বাঁ-দিকের শব্দ সমষ্টির শব্দগুলাে পৃথক পৃথকভাবে অর্থ প্রকাশ করে বটে; কিন্তু সমষ্টিগতভাবে সম্পূর্ণ ভাব বা অর্থ
প্রকাশ করতে পারে না। তাই তারা Sentence নয় ।
পক্ষান্তরে ডান দিকের শব্দগুলােকে সঠিকভাবে সাজানাে হয়েছে। তাই তারা সম্পূর্ণ ভাব বা অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে।
সুতরাং তারা Sentence।
যে শব্দ গুচ্ছ মনের ভাব বা ধারণা সম্পূর্ণরূপে প্রকাশ করে তাকে Sentence বলে।
অর্থভেদে sentence-কে পাঁচ ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়েছেঃ
1. Assertive Sentence (বিবৃতিমূলক)
2. Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবােধক)
3. Imperative Sentence
(অনুজ্ঞা বাচক)
4. Optative Sentence (ইচ্ছা বা প্রার্থনামূলক)
5. Exclamatory Sentence (বিস্ময়সূচক)
She is reading. The boy has a book.
Assertive Sentence দু প্রকার
1. Affirmative Sentence (হা-বােধক বাক্য)
2. Negative Sentence (না-বােধক বাক্য)
She has written a letter. I shall go home today.
।
(i)Principal Verb যুক্ত Affirmative Sentence এর Structure:
Subject + Verb + Extension.
I play football
(ii) শুধু 'To be' Verb যুক্ত Affirmative Sentence Structure :
Subject'+ Verb + Extension
She is well today
(iii) Negative এর Structure (শুধু to be verb যুক্ত Negative Sentence এর Structure):
Subject + Verb + not + Extension
She is not well today.
(iv) "To have" Verb Negative Sentence Structure:
Subject + Verb + no/not + (a) + Extension
The boy has no pen to write with.
(v)সাহায্যকারী verb বিহীন Negative sentence-এর Structure:
Subject + donot/doesnot/did not + Verb + Extension.
I do not play football in the field.
Note: "To have" verb যুক্ত sentence-কে নিম্নলিখিত Structure-এর মাধ্যমে Negative করা যায়।
Structure: Subject + do/does/did + not + have + Extension
Affirmative
We have a big house.
He has a nice pen.
You had a nice pen.
Negative
We do not (don't) have a big house.
He does not (doesn't) have a nice pen.
You did not (didn't) have a nice pen.
Exercise
1. May you live long. 2. Read attentively. 3. May you pass the examination. 4. What are you
doing? 5. Is he coming home today? 6. How old is your father? 7. May I help you? 8. Is he an
honest boy? 9. How sweetly the cuckoo sings! 10. We saw him go there. 11. May you be
happy. 12. Has she had her meal? 13. One day the old sailor killed the bird. 14. They had
been playing for two hours. 15. I could not catch the train. 16. Will they be playing? 17.
Please give me a glass of water. 18. The writer does not like wine. 19. Does she mind taking
tea? 20. May Allah help you. 21. Hurrah! I have passed! 22. Had I been a merchant! 23. How
talkative she was! 24. May Bangladesh live long. 25. Hurrah! I have passed! 26. Don't quarrel
with anybody. 27. Always speak the truth. 28. Be attentive and listen to my lecture. 29. What
a beautiful bird it ist 30. You must go there. 31. The fishermen had been catching fish. 32.
Was he repairing the watch? 33. Lesson to what I say. 34. Please wait for me till I return.
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